Pdf solid particle erosion downstream of an orifice. Aggregate breakdown and surface seal development influenced. A brief description of theoretical models, developed for determining the erosion resistance of brittle and ductile materials, is reported. Wiederhorn a11ttbddb nationalmeasurementlaboratory centerformaterialsscience nationalbureauofstandards january 1979. The erosion of a surface by a stream of solid particles is examined by considering the arrival times of the particles on the surface. Erosion of surfaces by solid particles sciencedirect. Parslow c also used a cfd model to visualise the flow patterns and particle trajectories in teejunctions and bends associated with typical subsea oil and gas production facilities. They found th at the erosion rate decreases with decrease in particle size and impact velocity. I manage to simulate the air flow and include a particle study, however i have a bit of a problem.
Article information, pdf download for solid particle erosion of composite. Testing on ferrous and nonferrous materials has been widely carried out to study their erosion resistance. The surfaces of castiron specimens have been modified byco2 laser processing in order to enhance theirhardness, providing different surfaces for wear behaviourstudies. A procedure to predict solid particle erosion in elbows.
The particle velocity and the abrasive flow rate were 24. Various laser heat treatments were performed in order to generate distinct microstructures. The optical transmittance of uncoated silicon is not particularly good 53% over the 35micrometers for a 5mm substrate and normal incidence, polr, room temperature. An erosion rig based on that in astm g7695 was used to conduct the tests. Solid particle erosion and erosioncorrosion of materials. The solid particle erosion experiments were conducted on the selfdesigned as600 sandblasting test machine as per astm g76standard, and the schematic diagram and detailed description of the erosion test machine device were provided in ref. Ramesh talreja among many useful properties of elastomers, one is their ability to absorb energy by deforming to large strains without fracturing. Cfd analysis of particle impingement causing pipe erosion.
Solid particle erosion on different metallic materials. Pdf effect of solid particle erosion on the aqueous. The erosion of ductile metals by solid particle impact. Abstract the goal of this work is to provide an evaluation of the uncertainties in the calculation and measurement of erosion caused by solid particles that are entrained in the produced fluids in the oil and gas industry. Particle only model modelling approach from the findings in figure 4 it was proposed to develop a twodimensional particle only model of the cylinder and holeinplate geometries. At low impact angle, the erosion mechanism could be concluded as grinding erosion and furrow erosion. In this particular case, the eroded surface was completely covered with the erosion debris in the form of flakes or platelets.
The particle velocity and the abrasive flow rate were 24 2 ms and 63 0. The amount of surface material eroded by solid particles in a fluid stream depends on the conditions of fluid flow and on the mechanism of material removal. Solid particle erosion of thermal spray and physical vapour deposition thermal barrier coatings. Solid particle erosion of fiber reinforced plastics sage journals. Solid particle erosion and erosion corrosion of materials levy, alan on. The effects of particle size and size distribution on erosion wear have been analyzed and the applicability of median. Wiederhorn a11ttbddb nationalmeasurementlaboratory centerformaterialsscience nationalbureauofstandards january 1979 interimreport4c 100,u56 781575 c. Solid particle erosion testing of helicopter rotor blade. Solid particle erosion, spe, is a wear process where particles strike against surfaces and promote material loss. Based on previous tests,interaction time and power density used were 0.
The results show that the erosion rate of tc4 alloy at impact angle 30o was higher than those at the impact angles of both 60o and 90o. In fact, in a few cases there can be a slight weight gain caused by deposition or embedment of. Research on solid particle erosion behaviors of tc4 alloy. On the other hand, diffusion treatment technology applied to get high resistance effect against solid particle erosion.
Stanford libraries official online search tool for books, media, journals, databases, government documents and more. Computer simulation of solid particle erosion request pdf. Keywords solid particle erosion, polymer matrix composites, metal. Modeling and simulation of solid particle erosion of. Effect of solid particle erosion on the aqueous corrosion behaviour of a ti6al4v sheet special issue article pdf available march 2017 with 334 reads how we measure reads. Other researchers have also extensively investigated the particle velocity effect on the solid particle erosion behavior of materials 32,3648. The erosion is due to the impact of solid particulate. A procedure to predict solid particle erosion in elbows and tees b. The facture toughness reached a maximum value of 4. Pdf evaluation of solid particle erosion equations and. Ceramic materials eroded at an impingement angle of 90 exhibit a rough, chipped surface.
Solid particle erosion how is solid particle erosion. The average roughness ra in each specimen before testing was 1 m. Based on the airflow and particle flow modeling and prediction, statistic results of particlewall impact and erosion status are given in figure 1. Pdf investigation on solid particle erosion behaviour of. Nbs publications nbsir781575 erosionbysolidparticle impact a. For mwir only systems it is logical to use silicon as a window or dome material as the natural hardness of the substrate provides good resistance to particle and rain erosion. Application of diffusion treatment against solid particle. Modeling and numerical analysis of the solid particle. Solid particle erosion and erosioncorrosion of materials in.
In case of longterm continuous operation, 1st stage nozzle may experience solid particle erosion due to scales from inlet steam piping. Solid particle erosion water droplet erosion slurry erosion loss of a material exposed to a. Solid particle erosion how is solid particle erosion abbreviated. Modeling and numerical analysis of the solid particle erosion. Solid particle erosion behavior of nicral2o3zro2 8y. Research on solid particle erosion behaviors of tc4 alloy at. Effect of bend radius on magnitude and location of erosion. Flux rate effects in the erosive wear of elastomers j.
The results show that the erosion rate of tc4 alloy at impact angle 30 o was higher than those at the impact angles of both 60 o and 90 o. Unlike the solid particle erosion mechanism for ductile materials, there is wide acceptance of the erosion mechanism for brittle material. It also verified that water films form where it is needed, at erosion points. Evaluation of solid particle erosion equations and models for. Warp practical estimation of erosion damage caused by. This figure shows the average erosion rate per impacted particle on the curved wall for each inlet velocity and particle diameter conditions. Based on the preliminary experiment, the particle velocity was controlled to be 30 2 ms, and the. The technique has been used for a wide variety of poorly aqueous soluble drug. Solid particle erosion performance of a new ultradurable. Proceedings of the world congress on engineering 2011 vol. Basic theory of particle size analysis by sedimentation.
The samples had a rectangular shape with dimensions of 50 x 25 mm2 and 3 mm in thickness. Micronano multilayer structure design and solid particle. Erosion is a leading cause of failure of oil and gas pipelines and fittings in fluid handling industries. Water droplet erosion and fatigue are industrywide pressing issues and we are very pleased with these initial test results which demonstrate the protection that the hardide cvd coating offers against water droplet and solid particle erosion, dr. This is particularly useful for twophase flow aspects in particlewall interactions. Hutchings 1989 journal of materials science 24 833. Schmitt jr author see all formats and editions hide other formats and editions. Evaluation of solid particle erosion equations and models. Solid particle erosion and erosioncorrosion of materials by alan levy author 4. Occurrence, prediction and control collects together the.
The study is on the erosion rate of an abrasive particle air jet like a water jet cutter but with air the model is in an attachment. The models used for brittle material one of which was. Solid particle erosion downstream of an orifice article pdf available in journal of fluids engineering 70221 february 2015 with 1,094 reads how we measure reads. Different approaches have been used to control or minimize damage caused by erosion in particulated gassolid or liquidsolid flows. Effects of particle size and size distribution on estimating. The content of the open access version may differ from that of the licensed version. Pdf studying the parameters of the solid particle erosion and. Particleonly model modelling approach from the findings in figure 4 it was proposed to develop a twodimensional particleonly model of the cylinder and holeinplate geometries. Basic theory of particle size analysis by sedimentation sedimentation of particles in a fluid has long been used to characterise particle size distribution. The treatment first proposes a new concept, an impact zone, and then considers the arrival of the particles on one zone as a queuing process. There is an open access version for this licensed article that can be read free of charge and without license restrictions. In this paper, 8ysz ceramics reinforced by nicr alloy and al2o3 particles were pressureless sintered at an optimized sintering condition. Solid particle erosion sand erosive failure coatings reprinted with permission from enabling sustainable systems, proceedings for the mfpt.
They concluded that the erosion rate for particle size greater than 100 1. Stokes law 1 is used to determine an unknown distribution of spherical particle sizes by measuring. The erosion and deformation of polyethylene by solid. Warp practical estimation of erosion damage caused by solid. The alumina particles had a particle size between 300 and 400. Solid particle erosion spe is the loss of material that results from repeated impact of solid particles energized in a carrier fluid. Solid particle erosion, sand monitoring and transport in. The abrasive particle used was silicon carbide sic of an. Solid particle erosion and erosion corrosion of materials. Figure 2a shows erosion rates of samples as a function of particle pressure at 30, 60 and 90 impingement angles. Application of diffusion treatment against solid particle erosion. Erosion due to the impact of solid particles of materials. Simulations of the impingement of sand particles through the film saw a dependence of water on the particle velocity.
Solid particle erosion performance of a new ultradurable ar. The predictions were compared to erosion patterns obtained. An analysis of solid particle erosion mechanisms iopscience. In addition to integral parameters for erosion and accretion of particles, solidworks flow simulation 20 introduces local parameters of erosion and accretion, which. Mclaury et al 1995 journal of pressure vessel technology 117 45. Solid particle erosion of plasma sprayed ceramic coatings. Solid particle erosion1 friction, lubrication, and. When a particle hits a brittle surface, it creates lateral and radial cracks. Aggregate breakdown and surface seal development influenced by rain intensity, slope gradient and soil particle size sara arjmand sajjadi and majid mahmoodabadi dep. A pot tester is fabricated and special fixtures have been developed to conduct erosion wear tests at various impact angles ranging of from 15 to 90, in steps of 15.
Use of cfd to predict and reduce erosion in an industrial. Erosion definition the loss of material that results from repeated impacts of small, solid particles. Time dependence of solidparticle impingement erosion of. Solid particle erosion on different metallic materials 65 ground using sic emery paper grade 1200. This value of this parameter is based on particle properties, which include factors such as particle shape angularity and particle hardness. The films can reduce the particle speed and therefore reduce the damage caused by the impingement. Solid particle erosion is a mechanical process that removes material by the impact of solid particles entrained in the flow. Effect of bend radius on magnitude and location of erosion in. Evaluation of solid particle erosion equations and models for oil and gas industry applications conference paper pdf available january 2015 with 2,543 reads how we measure reads. The erosion rate per impact varies with particle diameter with v shape through bends, which is similar to the particle deposition behavior in duct flows. Pdf the present investigation reports about, the solid particle erosion behaviour of randomly oriented short eglass, carbon fibre and solid.
Solid particle erosion is a dynamic process which causes material removal from a target surface due to impingement of fast moving solid particles. Modeling and simulation of solid particle erosion of protective films. It has been suggested that in brittle material, erosion is due to crack formation srinivasan and scattergood, 1988, sundararajan, 1991, kleis and kulu, 2008. Solid particle scale flow nozzle damage erosion mechanism erosion pattern. Studies of erosive wear by solid particle impingement involve the measurement of several significant experimental parameters, such as particle velocity, particle. Chen and li 2003 observed nature of erosion cracks by computer simulation of solid particle erosion of sic target by sharp and round particles. Erosion rate, defined as the material loss per unit of erodent mass or volume, vs. Erosion by solid particle impact is a problem of great practical significance which can result in component failures in, for example, turbines and energy conversion systems.
Different approaches have been used to control or minimize damage caused by erosion in particulated gas solid or liquid solid flows. A workshop on erosion by solid particles focused attention on the status of applicable testing technologies. Boron diffusion treatment adopted erosion 510 years 12 years operation period 4years mitsubishi heavy industriescompressor international corporation 14888 kirby dr. Proceedings of the world congress on engineering 2011 vol iii. Solid particle erosion an overview sciencedirect topics. Sep 07, 2001 for mwir only systems it is logical to use silicon as a window or dome material as the natural hardness of the substrate provides good resistance to particle and rain erosion. When you use the particle study feature, the erosion plot lets you visualize the distribution of the erosion accumulation rate on a surface. At normal impact erosion, for spherical erodent particle of above 2 mm size, erosion of brittle materials is thought to be due to hertzian fracture cone cracking1617, whereas, for angular particles and spherical particles of below 2 mm size, erosion occurs by lateral cracking 1617. The applied systems health management conference 2011, society for machinery failure prevention technology, 2011, pp. During flight a particle carries momentum and kinetic energy, which can be dissipated during impact, due to its interaction with a target surface.
The solid particle erosion behaviors of tc4 alloy were studied at different erosion angles. Wiederhorn a11ttbddb nationalmeasurementlaboratory centerformaterialsscience nationalbureauofstandards. Time dependence of solidparticle impingement erosion of an. Erosion wear of cast iron has been eval uated in a pot tester for narrowsized and i11ultisized particulate sandwater slurries. Solid particle erosion, removal of material due to the impact of high speed solid particles, is one of the failure modes. Liquid and solid particle impact erosion paperback 1979. Model was developed to predict erosion damage for a wide range of industrial materials under any impact conditions. Erosion case study by computational fluid dynamics cfd. Erosion corrosion is a degradation of material surface due to mechanical action, often by impinging liquid, abrasion by a slurry, particles suspended in fast flowing liquid or gas, bubbles or droplets, cavitation, etc. The paper first discusses some aspects of the fluid flow conditions which may lead to erosion and then analyses the mechanism of material removal for ductile and brittle materials. Solid particle erosion, sand monitoring and transport in oil and gas published on march 6, 2015 march 6, 2015 19 likes 3 comments. Part i overview of mechanisms and models for erosion.
For ductile materials it is possible to predict the manner in which material removal varies with the direction and velocity of the eroding particles. In order to select high erosion resistant materials or to estimate erosion damage caused by solid particle impact in actual cases, it is very important to take the mechanical properties of a material into account. Solid particle erosion on different metallic materials intechopen. It is well known that material hardness is closely related to erosion damage to materials. Pdf solid particle erosion of thermal spray and physical. The processs of erosion corrosion by solid particles occurs in many environments ranging from off shore environments to health care industries.
A pot tester is fabricated and special fixtures have been developed to conduct erosion wear tests at various impact angles ranging of. The erosion wear resistance of ysz ceramics is worth studying because solid particle erosion is one of the main causes of destroying the materials and apparatuses. However, the erosion mechanism could be fatigue erosion at large. This paper deals with the resistance to erosion of materials such as ceramics and stainless steels, used in hightemperature applications. Overview of mechanisms and models for erosion corrosion due to particle impacts.
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